Street Survival - Advanced Defensive Driving

SAFETY

Safety

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Safety is always top priority on the roads.

Often circumstances are beyond our control as the section on Dangers highlights.

This section though, has a look at where we do have control, both for our safety and that of others. It offers interesting and practical tips, as well as vital information that could save your life.

🛈 Information:

💡Tips:

? Questions:

Safety Lock

🛈 Accident Triangle

The Heinrich Accident Triangle is based on Heinrich's Law, proposed by Herbert William Heinrich, an industrial safety pioneer. The triangle suggests a hierarchical relationship among different types of incidents:

  • Major Injuries or Fatalities: At the top of the triangle are major injuries or fatalities, which are considered the most severe outcomes of accidents.

  • Minor Injuries: In the middle are minor injuries, which are more common than major injuries or fatalities but less severe.

  • Near Misses or Near Hits: At the base of the triangle are near misses or near hits. These are incidents that had the potential to cause harm but did not result in injuries or damage.

The Heinrich Accident Triangle implies that for every major injury or fatality, there are a greater number of minor injuries and an even greater number of near misses. By addressing near misses and minor injuries, road users can potentially prevent more severe incidents.

Safety Accident Triangle

💡 Top safety tips to operate a vehicle

Operating a vehicle safely requires attentiveness, skill, and adherence to driving laws and best practices. Here are the top safety tips to keep in mind when driving:

Stay Focused and Avoid Distractions

  • No Texting or Phone Use: Keep your phone out of reach or use hands-free technology if you must take a call. Never text or browse your phone while driving.

  • Limit Other DistractionsAvoid eating, adjusting the radio, or engaging in other activities that take your attention away from the road.

Always Wear Your Seatbelt

  • For All Passengers: Ensure that you and all passengers are wearing seatbelts before starting your trip. Seatbelts are your best defense in an accident.

  • Correct Usage: Make sure the seatbelt is positioned correctly across your chest and lap, not twisted or loose.

Obey Traffic Signals and Signs

  • Follow Speed Limits: Adhere to posted speed limits and adjust your speed according to road conditions, weather, and traffic.

  • Stop at Red Lights and Stop SignsCome to a complete stop at stop signs and red lights, and look both ways before proceeding.

Use Your Mirrors and Check Blind Spots

  • Regularly Check Mirrors: Frequently glance at your rearview and side mirrors to stay aware of surrounding vehicles.

  • Blind Spot Awareness: Always check your blind spots before changing lanes or merging.

Maintain a Safe Following Distance

  • Use the Three-Second Rule: Keep at least a three-second gap between your vehicle and the one in front of you to allow ample time to stop.

  • Increase Distance in Bad WeatherIn rain, fog, snow, or icy conditions, increase your following distance to allow for longer stopping distances.

Be Cautious at Intersections

  • Look Both Ways: Always check for cross traffic before entering an intersection, even if you have the right of way.

  • Yield to PedestriansPedestrians have the right of way at crosswalks, so stop and let them cross safely.

Use Turn Signals Properly

  • Signal Early: Signal your intentions well in advance (at least 100 feet before turning) to give other drivers ample warning.

  • Use Signals for Every Turn and Lane ChangeAlways use your turn signals, even if you think no one is around.

Adjust to Road and Weather Conditions

  • Drive Slowly in Poor Conditions: Reduce your speed in rain, fog, snow, or ice to maintain control of your vehicle.

  • Turn on HeadlightsUse your headlights in low visibility conditions to improve your visibility and make your vehicle more visible to others.

Be Prepared for the Unexpected

  • Keep Both Hands on the Wheel: Always keep both hands on the steering wheel in the 9 and 3 o'clock positions for maximum control.

  • Stay Calm and Avoid Panic: If something unexpected happens, stay calm and make controlled, deliberate movements.

Regularly Maintain Your Vehicle

  • Check Tires and BrakesRegularly inspect your tires for wear and ensure they are properly inflated. Check your brakes for responsiveness and unusual noises.

  • Keep Lights and Signals in Working Order: Ensure that all your lights (headlights, brake lights, turn signals) are working correctly.

  • Routine Inspections: Have regular maintenance done, including oil changes, fluid checks, and engine inspections.

Watch for Pedestrians, Cyclists, and Motorcyclists

  • Be Extra Cautious in Urban Areas: Pedestrians and cyclists are more common in cities, so be vigilant and yield when necessary.

  • Check for Motorcycles: Motorcycles can be hard to see, especially in blind spots, so always check twice before changing lanes.

Avoid Driving Under the Influence

  • No Alcohol or DrugsNever drive after consuming alcohol, drugs, or any substance that impairs your judgment or reaction time.

  • MedicationsBe aware of the side effects of any medications you are taking, as some can impair your ability to drive safely.

Be Extra Cautious When Driving Near Large Vehicles

  • Avoid Blind Spots: Large trucks and buses have bigger blind spots, so stay out of them as much as possible.

  • Give Them Space: Maintain a safe distance and avoid cutting in front of large vehicles, as they need more time and space to stop.

Use Defensive Driving Techniques

  • Anticipate Other Drivers’ Actions: Always be prepared for the unexpected actions of other drivers. Assume that others might make mistakes.

  • Stay AlertContinuously scan the road ahead, around, and behind you for potential hazards.

Know Your Limits

  • Rest When Needed: Avoid driving when you are tired, drowsy, or fatigued. Take regular breaks on long trips.

  • Avoid Aggressive Driving: Stay calm in traffic, avoid road rage, and never engage with aggressive drivers.

By following these safety tips, you can significantly reduce your risk of accidents and ensure a safer driving experience for yourself, your passengers, and others on the road.

? What should I do if my vehicle is recalled due to safety issues?

If your vehicle is recalled due to safety issues, it’s important to take the following steps to ensure your safety and the safety of others:

Check the Details of the Recall

  • Verify the Recall: If you receive a recall notice, check the details to confirm that your specific vehicle is affected. The notice will typically include your vehicle's make, model, and year.

  • Visit the Manufacturer’s Website: You can also visit the manufacturer's website or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) website to verify the recall using your vehicle identification number (VIN).

Contact the Dealership

  • Schedule a Repair: Contact an authorized dealership for your vehicle’s brand to schedule a repair. Repairs related to safety recalls are typically performed at no cost to you.

  • Inquire About Parts Availability: Sometimes, parts may need to be ordered, so it’s good to check if they’re in stock and how long it might take for the repair to be completed.

Follow the Manufacturer's Instructions

  • Follow Any Specific Guidance: The recall notice may include specific instructions, such as avoiding certain driving conditions until the repair is made. Adhere to these guidelines to stay safe.

  • Ask About a Loaner Vehicle: If the recall repair requires your vehicle to be in the shop for an extended period, ask if the dealership provides a loaner vehicle or rental assistance.

Stay Informed

  • Keep Track of the Repair Status: Stay in contact with the dealership and be aware of the status of your repair. If there’s a delay, ask for updates regularly.

  • Monitor for Future Recalls: Stay informed about any future recalls by registering your vehicle with the manufacturer’s recall notification service or checking regularly with the NHTSA.

Document the Process

  • Keep Records: Keep all documentation related to the recall, including the recall notice, repair receipts, and any communications with the dealership or manufacturer.

Act Quickly

  • Don’t Delay Repairs: Safety recalls address potentially serious issues that could lead to accidents or injuries. It’s crucial to get the necessary repairs done as soon as possible.

Consider Alternative Transportation

  • Avoid Driving If Necessary: If the recall notice advises not to drive the vehicle until it’s repaired, arrange alternative transportation until the issue is resolved.

Report Issues

  • Report Problems: If you experience any issues related to the recall before the repair is completed, report them to the manufacturer and the NHTSA.

Check for Reimbursement

  • Reimbursement for Previous Repairs: If you had the recall-related issue repaired at your own expense before the recall was issued, you may be eligible for reimbursement from the manufacturer. Check the recall notice for details on how to apply for reimbursement.

By taking these steps, you can ensure that your vehicle is repaired promptly and safely, minimizing the risk of accidents or injuries related to the recall.

What should I do if my airbag light comes on?

If your airbag light comes on, it’s important to take action promptly, as it may indicate an issue with your vehicle’s airbag system. Here’s what you should do:

Understand the Warning

  • Recognize the Light: The airbag light (often a symbol of a person with a seatbelt on and a circle in front) indicates a potential problem with the airbag system. If it stays on or blinks, it means the system has detected a fault.

Check for Simple Issues

  • Inspect Seatbelts: Sometimes, a loose or improperly fastened seatbelt can cause the airbag light to come on. Ensure all seatbelts are properly secured.

  • Passenger Seat Sensors: Some vehicles have sensors in the passenger seat that can trigger the airbag light if there’s a problem. Check if there’s anything heavy on the seat that might be interfering with the sensor.

Do Not Ignore the Light

  • Take the Light Seriously: The airbag system is crucial for your safety in a collision. If the airbag light is on, the airbags may not deploy in an accident, putting you at risk.

Consult the Owner’s Manual

  • Read the Manual: Your vehicle’s owner’s manual may provide specific guidance on what the airbag light means for your car model and what steps to take.

Schedule a Diagnostic Check

  • Visit a Professional: Take your vehicle to a trusted mechanic or dealership as soon as possible for a diagnostic check. They can use specialized equipment to read the error code and determine the exact problem.

  • Describe the Issue: When you bring your vehicle in, describe any other symptoms you’ve noticed, such as recent repairs, electrical issues, or unusual behavior from the vehicle.

Avoid DIY Fixes

  • Do Not Attempt Repairs Yourself: Airbag systems are complex and sensitive. Attempting to fix the problem yourself can be dangerous and may result in improper airbag function.

Consider the Impact on Safety

  • Understand the Risks: Until the issue is resolved, your airbags may not work correctly in a crash, which can significantly increase the risk of injury.

Follow Up After Repairs

  • Verify the Repair: After the problem is diagnosed and fixed, ensure the airbag light is off and the system is functioning correctly. The mechanic should reset the light as part of the repair process.

Check for Recalls

  • Look for Related Recalls: Sometimes, airbag issues are related to manufacturer recalls. Check if there are any open recalls for your vehicle's airbag system.

By addressing the airbag light promptly, you can help ensure your vehicle's safety systems are functioning properly and reduce the risk of injury in an accident.

? What should I do if my check engine light comes on?

If your check engine light comes on, it’s important to take it seriously, as it indicates that your vehicle’s engine or emission system has detected a problem. Here's what you should do:

Check for Immediate Issues

  • Look for Urgent Problems: If the check engine light is flashing, this indicates a severe issue, such as a misfire, which can damage your engine. In this case, you should stop driving as soon as it’s safe to do so and call for assistance.

  • Check for Simple Causes: Sometimes, a loose or missing gas cap can trigger the check engine light. Make sure the gas cap is tightly secured and see if the light turns off after driving for a bit.

Pay Attention to the Vehicle’s Behavior

  • Note Any Symptoms: If your car is running differently, such as rough idling, stalling, reduced power, or unusual noises, these could be related to the reason the check engine light is on.

  • Reduce Strain on the Engine: If the car feels off, drive gently and avoid hard acceleration or heavy loads until you can have it checked.

Check Dashboard Gauges

  • Monitor Gauges and Lights: Check your dashboard for any other warning lights, like oil pressure or temperature, which could provide additional clues about what’s wrong.

Consult the Owner’s Manual

  • Understand the Light: Your vehicle’s owner’s manual may provide more information on what the check engine light could mean and what steps you should take.

Get a Diagnostic Test

  • Visit a Mechanic or Auto Parts Store: Many auto parts stores offer free diagnostic services. They can connect a diagnostic tool to your car’s onboard computer to read the error codes and identify the problem.

  • Consider a Professional Mechanic: If the issue seems serious or if you're unable to diagnose it yourself, take the car to a trusted mechanic for a more detailed inspection and repair.

Avoid Ignoring the Light

  • Don’t Ignore It: Even if the car seems to be running fine, the check engine light indicates a problem that should be addressed. Ignoring it can lead to more serious and expensive issues later.

Consider the Severity

  • Flashing vs. Solid Light: A flashing check engine light usually indicates a more serious issue that requires immediate attention. A solid light suggests a less urgent problem, but it still needs to be checked as soon as possible.

Resetting the Light

  • After Repairs: Once the issue is resolved, the check engine light should turn off. If it stays on, the mechanic may need to reset the light or check for additional problems.

Check for Recalls

  • Recalls or Service Bulletins: Sometimes, the check engine light may be related to a known issue that has prompted a recall or service bulletin. Check with your dealership or look up your vehicle's VIN online to see if this applies.

By taking these steps, you can address the underlying issue causing the check engine light to come on and help maintain the reliability and safety of your vehicle.

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Street Survival - Advanced Defensive Driving